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Electrical Hub is an independent website. We are not affiliated with, authorised by, endorsed by, or officially connected to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University (AKTU), Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (IPU), or any other university or examination body.

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Circuits described on this site may involve mains voltage. Build and test them only under proper supervision, with correct protective equipment, and in line with your institution's safety rules. We accept no liability for injury or damage arising from building or operating any circuit or model described here.

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